Pengajaran Pandemik 2020

Selain daripada penderitaan yang telah dan sedang dilalui oleh rakyat, pandemik ini juga mengajar kita beberapa perkara yang penting. iaitu;

a) Apa jua krisis menyerang, rakyat termiskin B40 akan menerima kesan yang terdahsyat. Walaupun krisis pandemik COVID-19 tidak mengenal yang kaya mahupun yang miskin, pengalaman menunjukkan bahawa pendapatan isi rumah, perumahan, jaminan kerja dan persekitaran memainkan peranan yang penting dalam menentukan daya tahan sesebuah keluarga apabila COVID-19 menyerang.

b) Pekerjaan dan sumber rezeki kita yang dahulu dianggap berkekalan boleh hilang sekelip mata. Tanpa jaringan perlindungan sosial yang baik, kita akan terus terhumban dalam kemiskinan. Banyak keluarga M40 kini ditolak ke dalam situasi B40 juga apabila mereka diberhentikan kerja atau hilang punca pendapatan dengan mengejut.

c) Walaupun industri swasta dan korporat diagung-agungkan sebagai entiti yang paling penting dalam memacu pembangunan negara selama ini, tetapi apabila negara diserang krisis, pihak yang berjaya mendukung rakyat dalam pandemik adalah perkhidmatan hospital kerajaan dan agensi-agensi kerajaan. Perkembangan sektor hospital swasta dan pembangunan pelancongan kesihatan gagal memberikan sumbangan yang signifikan kepada rawatan pesakit COVID-19.

d) Sektor ekonomi bekalan kemudahan asas terbukti amat penting (essential) kepada rakyat pada masa krisis. Peniaga kecil, petani, pekerja penyelenggaraan, pekerja pembersihan, pemungut sampah, pemandu lori, pekerja penghantaran barangan, dan sebagainya, merekalah yang memainkan peranan paling penting. Jika petani tempatan diabaikan dan produk pertanian import tergendala, maka bekalan makanan kepada rakyat akan terputus.

e) SOP dan syarat-syarat menjauhi jangkitan COVID-19 hanya boleh dilaksanakan jika kita mempunyai rumah yang memadai dan persekitaran yang baik. Impak kuarantin mempunyai kesan yang berbeza kepada golongan marhaen yang tinggal di dalam sebuah rumah PPR 650 kaki persegi berbanding dengan sebuah keluarga yang duduk di dalam rumah banglo mewah di Damansara. Perumahan sendiri juga penting bagi rakyat yang dilanda krisis.

f) Jika rakyat tiada daya tahan untuk melawan krisis kesihatan COVID-19, bagaimana pula rakyat akan menghadapi krisis iklim yang impaknya berlipat kali ganda lebih teruk? Maka, isu pembalakan tanpa kawalan, pencemaran sungai dan perlombongan mineral perlu ditangani dengan segera.

Selaras dengan pengajaran penting ini, maka PSM mengemukakan pelan tindakan alternatif untuk Pemulihan Nasional: Haluan Baru Untuk Malaysia, dengan tema “Rakyat Minta Lima”. Cadangan dalam dokumen ini menawarkan satu paradigma baru untuk Malaysia ke arah pembangunan yang adil, lestari dan saksama.

In the last 18 months, we have been fighting Covid 19 and the pandemic induced economic crisis that followed due to business shutdowns and movement control restrictions. As of November 2020, around 100,000 people have lost their jobs and many more in the informal sector would have lost their income.

The pandemic has exposed the failures of Capitalism the world over and Malaysia has not been spared. Although business shutdowns and movement control orders were imposed across the board to all sectors of the population, but the impact on society varies along class lines. The poor were the most badly hit.  Many lost their jobs as SME’s struggled to survive and self- employed micro business had to shut down their hard built businesses when costs outran their revenue. They were forced to look for alternate source of income overnight.

Besides losing their source of livelihood, urban poor staying in 650sq feet PPR public housing found it impossible to carry out social distancing and worst still isolation if their family members were required to be quarantined.

Malaysia’s has a long standing conviction to the neoliberal path by detracting from government’s responsibility of providing for the basic essential services for the rakyat and promoting privatization of public services. After three decades of aggressive privatization, we are left with a weakened public healthcare system, monetized education, dismantled safeguards for workers, an increase in precarious work, unaffordable housing and a widening disparity between the rich and poor.

The pandemic shattered the already weak social security system, throwing poor households and even the M40 into sudden poverty. Some of the hard lessons the pandemic has thought us are;

1. The Pandemic and its induced economic crisis, hits the B40 the hardest. Despite the undistinguishable attack of the virus amongst the rich and poor, but a household’s income and job security often determines if they can remain resilient throughout the pandemic.
2. Jobs that were taught to be secure could just vanish overnight and many were left to fend for themselves, struggling desperately to put food on the table. Without a comprehensive social security system, many fell through the cracks.
3. We were always told to believe that the private sector is the key driver for economic progress that provides jobs for the rakyat. But when economic downturn strikes, private sector faltered and downsized their workforce and froze new job openings. Many projects were put on hold, and unemployment soared to 4.8% as at June, 2021(DOSM). The impact is larger as many have been forced from formal employment into underemployment and informal work.
4. Although policy makers always pushed for more privatization of healthcare, health tourism and incentives for private medical care, but it has been blatantly proven that was the public healthcare system that provided care to the rakyat under the pandemic. Private healthcare was reluctant and moved extremely slow to relieve the load off government hospitals to take in Covid patients.
5. Sectors of our working people often forgotten and marginalized by many were actually the ones holding up the nation in times of crises. Those that provided essential services such as farmers, cleaners, garbage collectors, lorry drivers, delivery riders played a critical role to keep the supply and services going.  We realized that it was not the fund managers, the speculators, the stock marketers and the bourgeois elite that stood out in these trying times.

These hard lessons need to be understood and, acted upon, so that we don’t make the same mistakes again. These experiences have taught us that it cannot return to business as usual and we need to seriously to revamp our economic and development model in order to make ourselves more resilient to future crises.

But the political and corporate elite whom were least affected economically and socially by the pandemic, will not be jolted to offer a progressive alternative for Malaysia. The neoliberal, corporate driven economic model of the Barisan Nasional over the last 60 over years was sadly continued by Pakatan Harapan in its 22 month stint at Putrajaya. It was merely a change of guards with minimal attempt for structural change.

PSM believes that the task of ensuring basic needs are met for the rakyat is the responsibility of government. The government cannot stop at extending easy credit to the banks and giving cash incentives to businesses to preserve and/or create jobs. But we believe that given the marked loss in aggregate demand, these stimuli will not solve the problem as elaborated above.

Trickle down approach fails to solve core structural problems in our policies.  Has the political elite realized that they must step in and supply basic needs and services when the market fails to do so?

In this time of crisis, the people without income will be marginalized if we rely on market based approaches. The market fails when human need is not backed up by purchasing power. There is a real risk that a significant number of Malaysian families will not be able to provide basic needs – food, shelter and health care for themselves! And that is not acceptable!